Can we query a type for the linked classification fields?

If I have 10 custom taxonomies, 2 linked to a particular DynamicContent item is there some way to get the taxonomies actually linked to that guy?

 I don't mean the TAXA, but literally the custom taxonomy types so I know what to go back and query.

 So right now I can do "GetValue" on the item if I know the field name...but what if I didn't know the field name...how would I find those on an item?

...or another scenario...

 Lets say I wanted to get all the short\long string fields to perform some sort of custom search\query?